Handicapper

A person who studies different factors such as statistics, injuries, weather, and news for predicting the outcome of games.

This definition can refer to almost anyone who bets on sports, assuming that person takes time to find an edge against the sportsbooks with the goal of turning a profit. Handicapping is all about finding an edge, and that's often done through research. Whether that's looking at injuries, records or against the spread data, it doesn't matter.